Gather all your spices. Break the cinnamon sticks into smaller pieces.
Transfer all the spices except for nutmeg, turmeric, and red chili powder (optional) to a pan and roast under low to medium heat.
4 Tbsp cumin seeds, 4 Tbsp coriander seeds, 4 Tbsp fennel seeds, 2 Tbsp fenugreek seeds, 1½ tsp cinnamon, 1½ tsp black peppercorns, 2 tsp cloves, 1½ tsp cardamon, 3-4 bay leaves, 2-3 star anise
Next, tip the roasted spices to a plate and allow them to cool. Once cooled, grind the spices using a pestle and mortar, or a spice or coffee grinder.
Transfer the ground spices to a bowl and add the ground turmeric, nutmeg, and chili powder (optional), then mix. Transfer your xawaash to a spice jar or a suitable airtight container and store it in a cool and dry place for use immediately, or later.
1 tsp ground nutmeg, 1 tsp turmeric, 1 tsp chilli powder