Mix spices (cumin, paprika, cinnamon, ground ginger, coriander, salt, turmeric) to make a spice blend.
Season frozen bone-in chicken thighs with half the spice blend. Reserve the rest for later (see notes).
In an Instant Pot, heat olive oil and fry garlic until fragrant. Add chicken stock or water, then the seasoned chicken thighs. Top with stock, sliced onion, and lemon juice. Cover the pot.
Set the Instant Pot to HIGH PRESSURE for 15 minutes, ensuring the valve is sealed. After pressure cooking, allow a 10-minute natural pressure release, followed by a quick release, until all the pressure and sizzling is gone.
Once the pressure cooking time is over, allow for a natural pressure release (NPR) of 10 minutes then followed by a quick pressure release (QPR), until all the pressure and sizzling is gone.
For crispy skin, transfer chicken thighs to a baking sheet, pat dry, and season with remaining spice blend (about a tablespoon - see notes). Broil 5-12 inches under the heat for 5-10 minutes, or until the skin is crispy. Ensure safety while broiling. Alternatively, grease your air fryer basket and air fry at 400F (or 200C) until you obtain your desired level of crispiness.
Serve hot with a side dish and garnish with fresh herbs like thyme, rosemary, or chives.